Examining the influence of carrier lactose on the performance of dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations: A case study
نویسندگان
چکیده
Introduction Most commercially-available dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations utilize a carrier-based formulation concept. Utilizing a mixing process, micronized active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) particles are attached to the surface of larger excipient particles. Multiple studies list excipients such as mannitol, glucose monohydrate, trehalose, dextrose, maltose, sorbitol and maltitol for use in DPI formulations. However, α-lactose monohydrate remains the excipient of choice. Due to its long use in pulmonary drug delivery, it is considered safe and a variety of commercially-available grades of lactose have been specifically developed for use in pulmonary drug delivery. The median particle size of those commercially available inhalation grades ranges from approximately 50 μm to 200 μm.
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